Topics / Men's Hormone Health / Testosterone Therapy
Subtopic
Testosterone Therapy
Indications, formulations, dosing, and monitoring for testosterone replacement in men.
7 published deep analyses
Published deep analyses
Evidence in this subtopic
Does testosterone therapy suppress fertility in
Does testosterone therapy suppress fertility in men?
Exogenous testosterone suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and reliably reduces spermatogenesis. Recovery after discontinuation is variable and may be incomplete in some men.
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How should low testosterone be diagnosed
How should low testosterone be diagnosed in symptomatic men?
Diagnosis requires consistent symptoms plus repeatedly low morning total testosterone on valid assays, with secondary causes excluded. A single borderline value should prompt repeat testing before initiating therapy.
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Does testosterone therapy increase prostate cancer
Does testosterone therapy increase prostate cancer risk?
Current systematic reviews and trial secondary analyses do not show a convincing increase in prostate cancer incidence among hypogonadal men treated with testosterone, though surveillance remains standard practice.
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Does testosterone therapy increase venous thromboembolism
Does testosterone therapy increase venous thromboembolism risk?
Large observational cohorts suggest a modest increase in venous thromboembolism risk with testosterone therapy, particularly early after initiation. Absolute risk remains low in most populations but warrants attention in predisposed patients.
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Do transdermal and injectable testosterone differ
Do transdermal and injectable testosterone differ in safety or efficacy?
All FDA-approved formulations can restore testosterone when dosed appropriately. Transdermal routes may have less erythrocytosis than injectable esters in some comparisons, but transfer, adherence, and peak-trough patterns differ by formulation.
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Does testosterone therapy worsen obstructive sleep
Does testosterone therapy worsen obstructive sleep apnea?
Testosterone may worsen sleep apnea in predisposed men. Screening and monitoring for OSA is recommended before and during therapy, especially when symptoms emerge or hematocrit rises.
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Does testosterone therapy improve depression or
Does testosterone therapy improve depression or low mood in hypogonadal men?
Some randomized trials and meta-analyses show modest improvements in depressive symptoms among men with low testosterone, but effects are heterogeneous and not a substitute for standard psychiatric evaluation when major depression is present.
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